General
Preferred name
PYRANTEL
Synonyms
PYRANTEL PAMOATE ()
Banminth ()
Pyrantel Embonate ()
Pyrantel tartrate ()
Pyrantel (pamoate) ()
Pyrantel (tartrate) ()
PYRANTEL TARTRATE SALT ()
CP 10423-16 ()
CP-10,423-16 ()
CP-10423-16 ()
Antiminth ()
Combantrin ()
Pyrantel (as pamoate) ()
NSC-355080 ()
Pyranteli embonas ()
CP-10423-18 ()
Konvermex ()
Strongid ()
CP-10,423-18 ()
Pyrantel bitartrate ()
P&D ID
PD013330
CAS
22204-24-6
33401-94-4
122157-48-6
15686-83-6
Tags
drug candidate
natural product
drug
available
First approval
1974
Drug Status
approved
vet_approved
Drug indication
Anthelmintic
Worm infection
Max Phase
Phase 4
Structure
Probe scores
P&D probe-likeness score
[[ v.score ]]%
Structure formats
[[ format ]]
[[ compound[format === 'MOL' ? 'molblock' : format.toLowerCase()] ]]
Description
(extracted from source data)
PHARMACODYNAMICS It has similar properties to both competitive and depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, which leads to the understanding of the paralytic effect of the drug has on parasites, ultimately resulting in the death of the parasite [L1902], [L1893]. ; ;
MOA By promoting the release of acetylcholine, inhibiting cholinesterase, and stimulating ganglionic neurons, pyrantel serves as a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent in helminths. This causes extensive depolarization of the helminth muscle membrane, resulting in tension to the helminth's muscles, leading to paralysis and release of their attachment to the host organism intestinal walls [L1893].; ; This action is unlike piperazine, which is a hyperpolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that causes relaxation of the helminth muscles, leading to a subsequent detachment from the intestinal wall. Excretion of the parasites in the feces occurs by normal peristalsis [L1892].
METABOLISM Pyrantel is administered orally.; The poor solubility of the pamoate salt offers the advantage of reduced absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and allows the drug to reach and act against parasites in the large intestine. Metabolism of pyrantel is rapid [L1991]. The absorbed drug is partly metabolized in the liver [L1907].; ; ;
ABSORPTION Pyrantel is poorly absorbed from the GI tract of humans [L1893], [L1908].; ; Peak serum concentrations occur 1–3 hours after a single dose [L1904].; ;
INDICATION For the treatment of enterobiasis including roundworm (ascariasis), pinworm (enterobius) and hookworm (strongyloides) and hookworm (ancylostoma) in the pyrantel pamoate form [L1893].; ; Pyrantel is available in various formulations for humans, dogs, and cats as the pamoate (US Pharmacopeia nomenclature) or embonate (European Pharmacopoeia nomenclature) salt, which contains 34.7% pyrantel base combined with pamoic acid [L1893]. [L1900], [A32283].; ; Pyrantel pamoate (embonate) ingested orally is effective for removal and control of ascarid and hookworm infections in puppies and dogs (adult Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma tubaeforme, An. braziliense, Uncinaria stenocephala), cats (adult Toxocara cati, Toxa. leonina, An. caninum, An. braziliense, U. stenocephala), horses and ponies (adult and immature Parascaris equorum, adult Strongylus vulgaris, S. edentatus, S. equinus, Cyathostomes (Triodontophorus spp., Cyathostomum spp., Cylicodontophorus spp., Cylicocyclus spp., Cylicostephanus spp., Poteriostomum spp.), Oxyuris equi, Anoplocephala perfoliata), swine (adult Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum), and humans (adult A. lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, An. duodenale, Necator americanus) [L1900].
TOXICITY Mild adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness [L1893].; ; LD50 in rats is 535 mg/kg [L1895].; ; Reported effects in humans in case of overdose include gastrointestinal disturbance, central nervous system effects, and superficial skin reactions. In one study, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) values were increased in approximately 2% of patients [L1906].; ; Pyrantel should be used with caution in patients with severe malnutrition or anemia. Supportive therapy is recommended for anemic, dehydrated, or malnourished patients before administration of the drug [L1898].; ; Pyrantel pamoate has been placed in pregnancy category C. This refers to the fact that animal studies have revealed adverse effects on the fetus (teratogenic/embryocidal, or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus [L1894].Data on the use of pyrantel pamoate in pregnant women are quite limited. In mass treatment programs for which the World Health Organization (WHO) has observed that the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks, WHO allows the use of pyrantel pamoate in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, due to the fact that the effects of pyrantel on birth outcome are uncertain. The risk of treatment in pregnant women already known to have an infection needs to be balanced with the risk of disease progression if treatment were to be omitted [L1894]. Individuals with liver disease are more susceptible to the toxicity in cases of pyrantel overexposure [L1894], [L1897]. ; ; ; There are no data regarding the presence of pyrantel in breast milk. Pyrantel is poorly absorbed from the GI tract; therefore, excretion into breast milk may be minimal. Some experts recommend that a single dose of pyrantel therapy may be given to breastfeeding women [L1893].
DESCRIPTION Pyrantel pamoate is used as a deworming agent in domesticated animals such as horses, hamsters, sheep, pigs, cats, and dogs. It is a combination of pyrantel and pamoic acid. It is used to study mechanisms underlying gut dysfunction in a murine model. It has been used as an anthelmintic treatment of children in Bangladesh and has been studied for it's effect on host physiology, growth, and biochemical status. (BOC Sciences Bioactive Compounds)
Compound Sets
20
BOC Sciences Bioactive Compounds
pyrantel-pamoate-cas-22204-24-6-63197
Cayman Chemical Bioactives
27368
ChEMBL Approved Drugs
CHEMBL1599768
CHEMBL1626223
ChEMBL Drugs
CHEMBL1599768
CHEMBL1626223
CHEMBL1585303
Drug Repurposing Hub
DrugBank
DB11156
DrugBank Approved Drugs
DB11156
DrugCentral
2999
DrugCentral Approved Drugs
2999
DrugMAP
DMG2X3E
DrugMAP Approved Drugs
DMG2X3E
MedChem Express Bioactive Compound Library
HY-12640
HY-12641
NCATS Inxight Approved Drugs
4QIH0N49E7
NPC Screening Collection
Other bioactive compounds
Prestwick Chemical Library
ReFrame library
Selleckchem Bioactive Compound Library
Pyrantel-pamoate(Pyrantel-embonate)
TargetMol Bioactive Compound Library
T1259
T0395
The Spectrum Collection
External IDs
65
Properties
(calculated by RDKit )
Molecular Weight
206.09
Hydrogen Bond Acceptors
3
Hydrogen Bond Donors
0
Rotatable Bonds
2
Ring Count
2
Aromatic Ring Count
1
cLogP
2.5
TPSA
15.6
Fraction CSP3
0.36
Chiral centers
0.0
Largest ring
6.0
QED
0.73
Structural alerts
0
No structural alerts detected
Related compounds
Custom attributes
(extracted from source data)
Pathway
Microbiology&virology
Anti-infection
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
Neuronal Signaling
Target
Parasite
Antiparasitic
antibiotic
nAChR
Indication
hookworm, tapeworm
MOA
neuromuscular blocker
Source data