General
Preferred name
PRAZOSIN
Synonyms
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE ()
Prazosin HCl ()
cp-12299-1 ()
Vasoflex ()
Minipress ()
Peripress ()
Prazosin (hydrochloride) ()
Hypovase B.D. ()
Alphavase 0.5 ()
Hypovase ()
Alphavase 1 ()
NSC-292810 ()
Kentovace ()
Alphavase 2 ()
CP-12,299-1 ()
Minipress Xl ()
Alphavase 5 ()
[3H]prazosin ()
CP-122991 ()
CP-12299 ()
Prazosin-d8 ()
P&D ID
PD010017
CAS
19237-84-4
19216-56-9
1006717-55-0
Tags
natural product
drug
available
Approved by
FDA
First approval
1976
Drug Status
approved
Drug indication
Congestive heart failure
Hypertension
Antihypertensive
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Max Phase
Phase 4
Structure
Probe scores
P&D probe-likeness score
[[ v.score ]]%
Structure formats
[[ format ]]
[[ compound[format === 'MOL' ? 'molblock' : format.toLowerCase()] ]]
Description
(extracted from source data)
ROE This drug is mainly excreted in the bile and the feces [FDA label].
MOA Alpha-adrenergic receptors are essential for the regulation of blood pressure in humans. Two types of alpha receptors, alpha 1 and alpha 2, both play a role in regulating blood pressure. Alpha-1 receptors are postsynaptic (located after the nerve junction, or space between a nerve fiber and target tissue). In this case, the target tissue is the vascular smooth muscle [L5837]. These receptors, when activated, increase blood pressure [A176648]. ; ; Prazosin inhibits the postsynaptic alpha-1 adrenoceptors. This inhibition blocks the vasoconstricting (narrowing) effect of catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) on the vessels, leading to peripheral blood vessel dilation. Through blood vessel constriction by adrenergic receptor activation, epinephrine and norepinephrine normally act to increase blood pressure [A176654].;
INDICATION This drug is indicated for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure). Prazosin can be given alone or given with other blood pressure-lowering drugs, including diuretics or beta-adrenergic blocking agents [FDA label].; ; Prazosin does not negatively impact lung function, and therefore may be used to manage hypertension in patients who are asthmatic or patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)[A176630].
HALF-LIFE The plasma half-life is about 2-3 hours [FDA label].
TOXICITY **TDLO, LD50**: Oral TDLO (human): 285 μg/kg; Oral TDLO (woman): 10 μg/kg [MSDS].; ; Oral LD50 (rat): 1950 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal LD50 (rat): 102 mg/kg [MSDS].; ; **Overdose information**; ; Accidental ingestion of at least 50 mg of prazosin by a two-year-old child led to severe drowsiness with depressed reflexes. There was no fall in blood pressure, and the child recovered without complication [FDA label]. ; ; **Use in pregnancy**; ; There are no adequate and well-controlled studies determining the safety of prazosin use during pregnancy. It is considered a pregnancy category C drug. Prazosin should be used during pregnancy only in cases where the benefit outweighs the possible risk to the mother and fetus [FDA label]. In specific cases where blood pressure control was emergent during pregnancy, prazosin has been used and no effects on the fetus or neonate were reported [FDA label]. ; ; **Use in nursing**; ; This drug is found excreted in small concentrations in human milk. This drug should be used with caution when used during nursing [FDA label].
METABOLISM In animals, prazosin hydrochloride is heavily metabolized. This occurs through liver demethylation and conjugation [FDA label]. Some studies in humans or human cells in vitro show similar prazosin metabolism [A176627, A176663].
ABSORPTION After administration of an oral dose, peak plasma concentrations are attained at approximately 3 hours [FDA label]. There is a linear association between the prazosin dose given and plasma concentration at steady state [A176657].
DESCRIPTION Marketed formulations may contain prazosin hydrochloride (PubChem CID 68546). (GtoPdb)
PHARMACODYNAMICS **Effects on blood pressure**; ; The pharmacodynamic and therapeutic effect of this drug includes is a decrease in blood pressure as well as clinically significant decreases in cardiac output, heart rate, blood flow to the kidney, and glomerular filtration rate. The decrease in blood pressure may occur in both standing and supine positions [FDA label]. ; ; Many of the above effects are due to vasodilation of blood vessels caused by prazosin, resulting in decreased peripheral resistance [A176627], [FDA label]. Peripheral resistance refers to the level resistance of the blood vessels to blood that flows through them. As the blood vessels constrict (narrow), the resistance increases and as they dilate (widen), and peripheral resistance decreases, lowering blood pressure [A176747, L5831]. ; ; **Effects on sleep disturbance related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)**; ; Some studies have suggested that this drug improves sleep in patients suffering from insomnia related to nightmares and post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by hyperarousal [A176621, A176624]. This effect likely occurs through the inhibition of adrenergic stimulation found in states of hyperarousal [A176738].
DESCRIPTION beta antagonist (Tocris Bioactive Compound Library)
DESCRIPTION alpha1 and alpha2B antagonist. MT3 antagonist (Tocriscreen Plus)
DESCRIPTION Peripheral alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonist (LOPAC library)
DESCRIPTION α1 and α2B antagonist. MT3 antagonist (Tocriscreen Total)
Cell lines
2
Organisms
3
Compound Sets
36
AdooQ Bioactive Compound Library
A11914
Axon Medchem Screening Library
2040
Cayman Chemical Bioactives
15023
29094
ChEMBL Approved Drugs
CHEMBL1558
CHEMBL2
ChEMBL Drugs
CHEMBL1558
CHEMBL2
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2017/18
503
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2019/20
503
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2021/22
503
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2023/24
503
Drug Repurposing Hub
DrugBank
DB00457
DrugBank Approved Drugs
DB00457
DrugCentral
4209
DrugCentral Approved Drugs
4209
DrugMAP
DMCD9YG
DrugMAP Approved Drugs
DMCD9YG
DrugMatrix
Enamine BioReference Compounds
EU-OPENSCREEN Bioactive Compound Library
EOS101299
Guide to Pharmacology
503
5385
Ki Database
PRAZOSIN
LOPAC library
LSP-MoA library (Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology)
CHEMBL2
MedChem Express Bioactive Compound Library
HY-B0193A
HY-B0193
NCATS Inxight Approved Drugs
XM03YJ541D
NIH Clinical Collections (NCC)
Novartis Chemogenetic Library (NIBR MoA Box)
NPC Screening Collection
Prestwick Chemical Library
ReFrame library
Selleckchem Bioactive Compound Library
Prazosin-hydrochloride
prazosin
TargetMol Bioactive Compound Library
T1050
The Spectrum Collection
Tocris Bioactive Compound Library
0623
Tocriscreen Plus
0623
Tocriscreen Total
External IDs
74
Properties
(calculated by RDKit )
Molecular Weight
383.16
Hydrogen Bond Acceptors
8
Hydrogen Bond Donors
1
Rotatable Bonds
4
Ring Count
4
Aromatic Ring Count
3
cLogP
1.78
TPSA
106.95
Fraction CSP3
0.32
Chiral centers
0.0
Largest ring
6.0
QED
0.73
Structural alerts
0
No structural alerts detected
Related compounds
Custom attributes
(extracted from source data)
Target Type
7-TM Receptors
Selectivity
alpha1
Pathway
Neuroscience
Immunology/Inflammation
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
GPCR/G protein
Neuronal Signaling
Autophagy
Target
ABCG
Adrenergic Receptor
MRP1
Potassium Channel
ADRA1A, ADRA1B, ADRA1D, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, ADRA2C, KCNH2, KCNH6, KCNH7
a1 antagonist
Primary Target
Adrenergic ?1 Receptors
MOA
Antagonist
CDK1 Inhibitors
Apoptosis Inducers
ADRA1B antagonist
Adrenergic Receptor antagonist
Member status
member
Indication
hypertension
Therapeutic Class
Antihypertensive Agents
Source data