General
Preferred name
pramipexole
Synonyms
SND919CL2Y ()
PNU-98528E ()
Pramipexole dihydrochloride ()
SND 919 ()
Pramipexole 2HCl Monohydrate ()
Mirapex ()
Pramipexole hydrate dihydrochloride ()
Pramipexole (dihydrochloride) ()
Pramipexole (dihydrochloride hydrate) ()
SND 919,Mirapexin,Sifrol,Mirapex ()
SND919 ()
Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate ()
(S)-Pramipexole (hydrochloride) ()
NSC-760426 ()
SUD-919CL2Y ()
Pipexus ()
Neliprax ()
SUD919CL2Y ()
Pramipexol ()
Ctc-501 ()
U-98528E ()
Daquiran ()
SND-919CL2Y ()
Mirapex Er ()
Pramipexole teva ()
Mirapexin ()
Pramipexole accord ()
Pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate ()
Pramipexole dihydrochloride anhydrous ()
Oprymea ()
Sifrol ()
Pramipexole hydrochloride ()
Pramipexole hydrochloride hydrate ()
(S)-Pramipexole ()
(S)-Pramipexole-d5 (hydrochloride) ()
P&D ID
PD002907
CAS
104632-25-9
104632-26-0
191217-81-9
104617-85-8
1217601-58-5
Tags
available
drug
Approved by
EMA
FDA
First approval
1997
Drug indication
Tourette syndrome
Restless legs syndrome
Parkinson disease
Drug Status
approved
withdrawn
investigational
Max Phase
4.0
Structure
Probe scores
P&D probe-likeness score
[[ v.score ]]%
Structure formats
[[ format ]]
[[ compound[format === 'MOL' ? 'molblock' : format.toLowerCase()] ]]
Description
(extracted from source data)
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole dihydrochloride is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with Kis of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D2, D3 and D4 receptors, respectively. Pramipexole dihydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS)[1][2][3].
HALF-LIFE About 8.5-12 hours [FDA label].
ROE The main route of pramipexole elimination, with 90% of a pramipexole dose found in the urine, almost entirely as unchanged drug [FDA label].
PHARMACODYNAMICS **Parkinson's Disease**; ; Through the stimulation of dopamine receptors, pramipexole is thought to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease [FDA label]. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease occur partly due to a reduction of dopamine in the substantia nigra of the brain [A176894]. Dopamine is an essential neurotransmitter that has major effects on motor movements in humans.; ; **Restless Legs Syndrome**; ; Pramipexole likely restores balance to the dopaminergic system, controlling the symptoms of this condition. Restless legs syndrome is thought to occur, in part, through dysfunction of the dopaminergic system, resulting in unpleasant lower extremity symptoms [A176876], [F4301]. ; ; **Other effects**; ; In addition to the abovementioned effects, animal studies demonstrate that pramipexole blocks dopamine synthesis, release, and turnover. Additionally, this drug is neuroprotective to dopamine neuron degeneration after ischemia or methamphetamine neurotoxicity [F4301].
INDICATION This drug is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease [FDA label]. This drug can be administered as monotherapy or in conjunction with levodopa. It is also indicated for symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) [FDA label].
METABOLISM This drug undergoes little metabolism in humans [FDA label].
ABSORPTION The bioavailability of pramipexole is higher than 90%, indicating a high level of absorption [FDA label].
DESCRIPTION Marketed formulations may contain pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate (PubChem CID 166589). (GtoPdb)
MOA The exact mechanism of action of pramipexole as a treatment for Parkinson's disease is unknown at this time. It is thought, however, that the ability of pramipexole to cause stimulation of the dopamine receptors in the striatum of the brain, a region that receives a vast array of neurological input and is responsible for a wide variety of functions, may be involved[A176891]. Studies performed in animals show that pramipexole influences striatal neuronal transmission rates following activation of dopamine receptors [FDA label]. ; ; Pramipexole is considered a non-ergot dopamine agonist that shows specificity and strong activity at the D2 subfamily of dopamine receptors in vitro, binding selectively and dopamine D2 receptors and showing a preference for the dopamine D3 receptor subtype rather than other subtypes [A176873]. The clinical significance of this binding specificity is unknown [FDA label], [A176873]. ;
TOXICITY **LD50**; ; Rat Oral LD 50 >800 mg/kg [F4298].; ; **Carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, impact on fertility**; ; Pramipexole was not found to be carcinogenic in 2-year studies on mice and rats at 0.3, 2.2, and 11 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD). No increased incidence of tumors was observed [FDA label]. No mutagenicity was detected in various assays, including the Ames test. Finally, pramipexole given to rat models at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day (5 times the maximum recommended human dose), increased estrus cycles and inhibited implantation of a fertilized ovum. Decreased levels of prolactin, a hormone necessary for implantation and maintenance of early pregnancy, were measured [FDA label]. The significance of these findings in humans is unknown. ; ; **Pregnancy**; ; This drug is considered a pregnancy category C drug, showing teratogenic effects in animals. Currently, there no studies of pramipexole in human pregnancy. Animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response. This drug should only be used in pregnancy if the potential benefit outweighs the possible fetal risks [FDA label]. ; ; **Nursing**; ; Whether pramipexole is excreted in human milk is unknown. A decision should be made regarding the administration pramipexole during nursing, or whether to discontinue it during nursing, as many drugs are excreted in human milk. The potential exists for risk to the infant if pramipexole is, in fact, excreted in the milk [FDA label].
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with Kis of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D2, D3 and D4 receptors, respectively. Pramipexole can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS)[1][2][3].
PRICE 29
PRICE 32
DESCRIPTION GPR119 receptor agonist (Tocris Bioactive Compound Library)
DESCRIPTION Selective D3 agonist (Tocriscreen Plus)
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole (Mirapex) is a partial/full D2S, D2L, D3, D4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 3.9, 2.2, 0.5 and 5.1 nM for D2S, D2L, D3, D4 receptor, respectively. (BOC Sciences Bioactive Compounds)
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole is considered a non-ergot dopamine agonist that shows specificity and strong activity at the D2 subfamily of dopamine receptors in vitro, binding selectively and dopamine D2 receptors and showing a preference for the dopamine D3 receptor subtype rather than other subtypes. It is used to treat the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease and Restless Legs Syndrome. (Enamine Bioactive Compounds)
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole (SND 919) is a selective dopamine receptor agonist used in the therapy of Parkinson disease. Pramipexole therapy is associated with a low rate of transient serum enzyme elevations during treatment but has not been implicated in cases of clinically apparent acute liver injury. (TargetMol Bioactive Compound Library)
DESCRIPTION Pramipexole dihydrochloride hydrate (Mirapex) is the hydrochloride salt of pramipexole, a benzothiazole derivative. As a nonergot dopamine agonist, pramipexole binds to D2 and D3 dopamine receptors in the striatum and substantia nigra of the brain. (TargetMol Bioactive Compound Library)
Compound Sets
36
BOC Sciences Bioactive Compounds
pramipexole-cas-104632-26-0-item-84-338041
Cayman Chemical Bioactives
11981
31239
CeMM library of unique drugs (CLOUD)
ChEMBL Approved Drugs
CHEMBL301265
CHEMBL3182733
ChEMBL Drugs
CHEMBL301265
CHEMBL3182733
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2017/18
953
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2019/20
953
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2021/22
953
Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2023/24
953
CZ-OPENSCREEN Bioactive Library
Drug Repurposing Hub
DrugBank
DB00413
DrugBank Approved Drugs
DB00413
DrugCentral
2233
DrugCentral Approved Drugs
2233
DrugMAP
DMNMW9R
DrugMAP Approved Drugs
DMNMW9R
Enamine Bioactive Compounds
EBC-26212
Enamine BioReference Compounds
EU-OPENSCREEN Bioactive Compound Library
EOS100323
EUbOPEN Chemogenomics Library
EUB0000970
Guide to Pharmacology
953
LSP-MoA library (Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology)
CHEMBL301265
Mcule NIBR MoA Box Subset
MCULE-6080707498
MedChem Express Bioactive Compound Library
HY-17355
HY-B0410
HY-B0410A
NCATS Inxight Approved Drugs
83619PEU5T
NIH Clinical Collections (NCC)
Novartis Chemogenetic Library (NIBR MoA Box)
NPC Screening Collection
Prestwick Chemical Library
Selleckchem Bioactive Compound Library
pramipexole-dihydrochloride
Pramipexole-Mirapex
Pramipexole-dihydrochloride-monohydrate
TargetMol Bioactive Compound Library
T1476
T6951
The Spectrum Collection
Tocris Bioactive Compound Library
4174
Tocriscreen Plus
4174
Withdrawn 2.0
EMA35
External IDs
93
Properties
(calculated by RDKit )
Molecular Weight
211.11
Hydrogen Bond Acceptors
4
Hydrogen Bond Donors
2
Rotatable Bonds
3
Ring Count
2
Aromatic Ring Count
1
cLogP
1.58
TPSA
50.94
Fraction CSP3
0.7
Chiral centers
1.0
Largest ring
6.0
QED
0.8
Structural alerts
0
No structural alerts detected
Related compounds
Custom attributes
(extracted from source data)
Target Type
7-TM Receptors
MOA
Dopamine Receptor agonist
Agonist
Dopamine D3 Agonists
Target
D2-like dopamine receptor
D2L
D3
D4
dopamine
D2S
ADRA2A, ADRA2B, ADRA2C, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR2B, HTR2C
Dopamine Receptor
Primary Target
D3 Receptors
Member status
member
Indication
Parkinson's Disease
ATC
N04BC05
Therapeutic Class
Antiparkinson Agents
Pathway
GPCR/G protein
Neuronal Signaling
Neuroscience
Recommended Cell Concentration
100 nM
Source data